OpenAccess

We report inelastic neutron scattering (INS) measurements on the magnetically frustrated $S=1/2$ sawtooth-chain compound atacamite Cu$_2$⁢Cl⁢(OH)$_3$ featuring inequivalent Cu(1) and Cu(2) sites. Transverse to the sawtooth chains, INS reveals two dispersive spin-wave modes and a gap of at least 0.75 meV. [...]

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of techno-economic and life-cycle assessments (TEA and LCA) for biomass thermochemical conversion processes that yield gaseous fuels such as syngas, hydrogen, and methane. The study analyzes core issues, including the influence of feedstock diversity, technological maturity, major cost factors, carbon reduction potential, and environmental outcomes of thermochemical conversion approaches. [...]